“他目光闪闪”:生物磁疗术与柯尔律治的玄幻诗歌

“His Flashing Eyes”: Animal Magnetism and Coleridge’s Poems of the Supernatural

塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治在一生中的大部分时间里笃信生物磁疗术,究其原因:一是为了反对"视觉专制",二是反对华兹华斯过于贴近真实生活的诗学理念,三是向往磁疗师用眼说服他人的能力。生物磁疗术由此促发了他的玄幻诗作:他反对视觉专制,转而开启了一种与"祛魅风"小说截然相反的"复魅风"作品;"用眼控制人"的母题推动玄幻诗情节的发展;《忽必烈汗》中疯癫的诗人用双眼获得了受众的信任和朝拜,这幅画面也表征着柯尔律治对玄幻诗歌的理论思考。

Samuel Taylor Coleridge,for the greater part of his life,believed in animal magnetism,firstly,for opposing"the dictatorship of the eye",and secondly,out of an interest in the idea of controlling others by his eye,and thirdly,out of an aspiration for magnetizers’credibilizing power.Therefore,animal magnetism shaped his poetical works of the supernatural:his aversion to"the dictatorship of the eye"set him off on a course to create the supernatural unexplained against a popular style then called"the supernatural explained";the motif of controlling others by one’s eye developed the plots of works of the supernatural;the mad poet toward the end of"Kubla Khan"won from the audience trust and worship with his eyes,and this image embodies Coleridge’s poetics of the supernatural.