基于机器视觉的畜禽体质量评估研究进展

Review on Machine Vision-based Weight Assessment for Livestock and Poultry

体质量(体重)是反映畜禽身体健康与生长状况、繁殖与生产性能的重要指标。对畜禽体质量精准快速地评估和监测是提升养殖生产管理水平、实现精准畜牧生产的重要手段。传统的直接称量方式耗时费力,易造成动物的应激反应。基于机器视觉技术的体质量评估,能够利用视觉检测技术获取体型特征建立其与体质量之间的智能评估模型,是目前畜禽养殖智能化技术研究的热点。首先对体质量的评估方法进行分类阐述;然后,详细分析了机器视觉体尺图像获取的传感器类型、畜禽体尺提取与处理方法及应用现状;重点开展基于机器学习方法的体尺、体征与体质量评估模型相关研究的分析,对比了各类机器学习算法在体质量评估方面的应用效果和最新研究成果,特别探讨和分析了深度学习算法在全自动畜禽体质量评估领域的发展潜力;最后,指出畜禽体质量评估研究面临的问题和未来研究的发展趋势。

Body weight is an important indicator for reflecting the health and growth conditions,reproduction and production performance of livestock and poultry.Accurate and rapid assessment and monitoring of livestock and poultry body weight is a critical way to improve the level of breeding management and achieve precision livestock farming.The traditional weighing method is time-consuming and laborious,and easy to cause stress response on animals.Weight assessment based on machine vision technology,which can establish an intelligent assessment model between body weight and body shape characteristics by using visual detection technology,is a hotspot of intelligent technology research in livestock and poultry breeding at present.Firstly,the methods of weight assessment were categorically described.Then,the sensor types,methods and applications of animal and poultry body feature treatment were analyzed in detail.The comparative analysis of the research on body size,physical signs and weight assessment model based on machine learning method were focused on.The application effect and the latest research results of various machine learning algorithms in weight assessment were presented.The development potential of deep learning algorithm in the field of automatic weight assessment of livestock and poultry was discussed and analyzed.Finally,the problems and challenges of weight assessment researches on livestock and poultry and the development trend of the future work were pointed out,which can provide some references for the scholars and engineers in the field of the modern intelligent weight assessment for livestock and poultry.