农业经营主体协同发展研究

Study on the Collaborative Development of Agricultural Business Entities

面对农业农村发展新形势、新任务,特别是把小农户引入现代农业发展大格局、构建现代农业经营体系、提升农业质量效益和竞争力、推动农业经营主体做大做强,迫切要求农业经营主体协同发展。近年来,各类农业经营主体蓬勃发展,总数突破600万家,产业覆盖农林牧渔各行业,业务涵盖产前产中产后各领域,并且自发探索了多种协同发展方式,在组织、服务和带动小农户发展现代农业等方面发挥了重要作用。从组织特性和制度安排看,各类农业经营主体具有不同的功能优势,家庭农场优势在生产,农民合作社和农业社会化服务组织优势在服务,农业企业优势在加工销售,农村集体经济组织优势在居间协调。在推进主体协同发展时,各类农业经营主体要做到定位准确、功能互补、产权清晰、利益共享,形成合力,整体提升产业发展质量和竞争力。针对农业经营主体协同意识不足、协同基础不牢、协同能力不强等问题,建议进一步促进主体充分发展、协同发展,加强政策支持和调查研究,进行一体管理、一体部署、一体推进。

In recent years,agricultural business entities have developed vigorously and played an important role in organizing,serving and driving small farmers to develop modern agriculture.In the face of the new situation and new tasks,in particular,high-quality agricultural development,agricultural modernization,farmers’income,and bigger and stronger agricultural business entities,we urgently need the collaborative development of agricultural business entities.Due to different organizational forms and institutional arrangements,different agricultural business entities have different functions and advantages.Family farms have their advantages in planting and breeding;farmers’cooperatives and agricultural socialized service organizations in service;agricultural enterprises in processing and marketing;and rural collective economic organizations in intermediary coordination.Therefore,it is suggested that the entities should seek diversified and integrated development under unified management and stronger policy support.