中国兔产业国际竞争力的演变与未来发展

Evolution of the international competitiveness of China rabbit industry and its future development

通过国际市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数、显性比较优势指数(Revealed comparative advantage index,RCA Index)、产业内贸易指数等指标测度中国兔产业国际竞争力;并从国内外成本、价格、市场需求等方面分析兔产业国际竞争力的影响因素。研究发现:中国兔肉国际市场占有率高,贸易竞争力指数表现较好,显性比较优势指标处于末尾位置;利用因子分析法将此3个指标综合成兔产业国际竞争力综合指数,发现21世纪初中国兔产业国际竞争力表现较好,位于主要产兔国前列,但此后波动下滑,近年排名主要产兔国末位。另外,中国兔产业内贸易指数逐年上升,产业内贸易程度越来越高。中国在饲料成本上处于明显劣势,但在人工成本上有优势;从需求端来讲,兔产品国内需求较小,不利于兔产业国际竞争力提升。为此提出大力推进兔产业标准化建设,优化产业结构、促进产业升级,强化兔业技术的研发、使用和推广,积极开拓兔产品市场等建议。

Through international market share,trade competitiveness index,Revealed Comparative Advantage Index(RCA Index),intra-industry trade index,the international competitiveness of Chinese rabbit industry is measured;The factors affecting the international competitiveness of the rabbit industry are analyzed in terms of cost,price and market demand.It is found that the international market share of Chinese rabbit industry is high,the trade competitiveness index performed well,and RCA is at the end.By useing the factor analysis method,a total of three indicators are integrated into the international competitiveness comprehensive index.It is found that the Chinese rabbit industry is listed has performed well in the early 21 st century,but is ranked the last of the major rabbit-producing countries in recent years.The intra-industry trade index of Chinese rabbits increased year by year,and the degree of intra-industry trade has became higher and higher.China has a disadvantage in feed costs,but has an advantage in labor costs;At the demand side,the domestic demand for rabbit products is small,which is not conducive to the international competitiveness of the rabbit industry.In the end,suggestions on promoting standardization,optimizing the industrial structure,promoteing industrial upgrading for the rabbit industry and actively exploiting rabbit products market are proposed.