1951—2015年中国主要粮食与油料作物种植结构变化分析

Changes of the planting structure of major food and oil crops in China from 1951 to 2015

为阐明中国主要粮食-油料作物种植结构变化特征。本研究基于1951—2015年中国主要粮食与油料作物的分省生产数据,利用优势指数理论等指标分析中国主要粮食与油料作物生产时空变化特征,探讨影响中国粮食与油料作物种植结构变化的驱动因素。结果表明:1951—2015年,中国水稻、玉米和花生种植面积均有不同程度增加,小麦和大豆面积有所减少;各作物总产量和单位面积产量均显著增加。1951—2015年,东北地区和华北地区粮食与油料作物种植结构变化最显著,东北地区水稻和玉米面积显著增加,小麦面积显著下降;华北地区玉米和花生面积显著增加,大豆面积显著下降。

To clarify the changes of the planting structure of major food and oil crops in China,based on the provincial production data of major food and oil crops in china from 1951 to 2015,the theory of advantage index was used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the dominant food and oil crop production.And the driving factors that affected the changes of the food and oil crops planting structure in China were explored.The results showed that the planting area of rice,maize and peanut in China increased,while the planting area of wheat and soybean decreased during 1951 and 2015.The total production and average yield of all crops increased significantly.From 1951 to 2015,the planting structure of food and oil crops changed most significantly in Northeast China and North China.The area of rice and maize increased significantly in Northeast China,while the area of wheat decreased significantly.The area of maize and peanuts in North China increased significantly,while the area of soybean decreased significantly.