广州市矿山地质环境影响评价

Geological Environmental Impact Assessment of Mines in Guangzhou

[目的]基于广州市矿山地质环境实地调查资料和遥感解译结果的分析,考虑矿产资源类型及其开采方式较为单一的特点,选取地形地貌景观破坏和治理工程难易程度、压占与破坏土地、地质灾害、水土环境影响、地质环境条件五个方面12项指标构建了评价系统。[方法]通过主客观相结合的专家-层次分析法确定指标权重,综合评判法建立地质环境影响评价模型,结合GIS平台及其空间分析技术进行了广州市矿山地质环境影响评价。[结果]环境影响评价表明:研究区矿山及其影响范围可划分为106个影响区,其中,36个矿山地质环境影响严重区,涉及矿山91个;52个矿山地质环境影响较严重区,涉及矿山105个;18个矿山地质环境影响较轻区,涉及矿山121个。建议将36个矿山地质环境影响严重区列为矿山地质环境重点治理区。[结论]评价结果与实地调查结果相符,以期为研究区矿山地质环境治理和恢复提供理论依据,同时也为类似地区矿山地质环境综合评价提供参考。

[Introduction]Based on the field survey data of mine geological environment in Guangzhou and the analysis of remote sensing interpretation results,taking into account the characteristics of mineral resources types and their relatively single mining methods,the evaluation system is constructed by selecting 12 indexes from five aspects,i.e.the degree of difficulty of landform and landscape destruction and control engineering,occupation and destruction of land,geological disasters,water and soil environmental impact,and geological environmental conditions.[Method]We used the expert-analytic hierarchy process(AHP)method to determine the weight of the index,and the comprehensive evaluation method to establish the geological environment impact assessment model,combined with the GIS platform and spatial analysis technology to carry out the geological environment impact assessment of mines in Guangzhou.[Result]The results show that the study area and its influence range are divided into 106 affected areas,of which 36 are seriously affected,involving 91 mines;52 are relatively serious impact areas,involving 105 mines;18 are comparatively mild impact areas,involving 121 mines.It is suggested that 36 areas with serious impact on mine geological environment shall be listed as key control areas of mine geological environment.[Conclusion]The evaluation results are consistent with the field survey results,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment and restoration of mine geological environment in the study area,and also provide a reference for the comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment in similar areas.