不同重力喂养体位在极低出生体重儿喂养中的效果比较

Comparison of different gravity feeding positions on the feeding of very low birth weight infants

目的分析不同重力喂养体位在极低出生体重儿喂养的效果。方法选取收治的极低出生体重儿100例作为研究对象,随机将新生儿分为2组,每组各50例。其中一组采用仰卧位重力喂养方式进行喂养,设置为仰卧位组;另一组采用俯卧位重力喂养方式进行喂养,设置为俯卧位组。比较两组新生儿达到完全胃肠内营养(TEN)的时间、肠外营养(PN)时间、住院时间;比较2组新生儿出生7 d、14 d时的体重、身长和头围;比较2组新生儿喂养期间并发症。结果俯卧位组新生儿TEN时间、PN时间及住院时间均低于仰卧位组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出生7 d、14 d时,2组新生儿体重、身长和头围均高于出生时,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);俯卧位组新生儿出生7 d、14 d时的体重高于仰卧位组,俯卧位组新生儿出生14 d时的身长和头围均高于仰卧位组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。俯卧位组新生儿喂养期间并发症发生率低于仰卧位组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于极低出生体重儿,采用俯卧位重力喂养方式进行喂养,可有效缩短PN时间,尽早达到TEN,有利于新生儿的生长发育,且具有较好的安全性。

Objective To analyze the effect of different gravity feeding positions on the feeding of very low birth weight infants.Methods 100 cases of very low birth weight infants were selected as the research subjects.And the newborns were divided into two groups,50 cases in each group.One group was fed by gravity feeding in supine position and set as supine position group,and the other group was fed by gravity feeding in prone position and set as prone position group.The time of total enteral nutrition(TEN),parenteral nutrition(PN)and hospitalization time of two groups of newborns were compared between the two groups.The weight,length and head circumference of newborns at 7 days and 14 days after birth were compared between the two groups.The complications during feeding between the two groups were compared.Results The TEN time,PN time and hospitalization time of the newborns in the prone position group were lower than those in the supine position group(P<0.05).At 7 days of birth and 14 days of birth,the weight,length and head circumference of the two groups of newborns were higher than those at birth(P<0.05).At 7 days of birth and 14 days of birth,the weight of prone position group newborns was higher than that in the supine position group,and the length and head circumference of the newborn in the prone position group at 14 days after birth were higher than the supine position group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications during feeding in the prone position group were lower than those in the supine position group(P<0.05).Conclusion For infants with very low birth weight,gravity feeding in prone position can effectively shorten the PN time and reach TEN as soon as possible,and benefit the growth and development of newborns,with better safety.