银北灌区不同青贮玉米品种产量及营养价值差异性分析

Analysis on the Differences in Introduction and Nutritional Value of Different Silage Corn Varieties in Irrigation Area of Northern Yinchuan

【目的】筛选出产量高、品质优的青贮玉米品种。【方法】引种青贮玉米品种5个,分析测定其农艺性状,对比青贮前后营养成分,评价青贮品质等。【结果】从农艺性状与产量分析,与对照品种相比,银玉238、银玉439、晋单73号茎粗、鲜草产量显著提高(P<0.05),银玉238、DK622干草产量均显著提高(P<0.05);从营养品质分析,青贮前后银玉238、银玉439、DK622粗蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05),青贮前银玉238中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量显著降低(P<0.05),发酵后银玉439、DK622中性洗涤纤维含量显著降低(P<0.05);从发酵品质分析,试验品种乳酸占比、乙酸占比、丁酸占比均符合优质青贮标准,DK622、绿博6号青贮发酵质量为优等,其他为良好。【结论】银玉238、银玉439、DK622青贮玉米具有生物产量高、营养价值高、青贮品质优等特点,可作为宁夏引黄灌区优质青贮玉米品种进行推广应用。

[Objective]The experiment aims to screen high yield and high-quality silage corn varieties.[Method]Five varieties of silage corn were introduced,and their agronomic traits were analyzed and measured.The nutritional components before and after silage were compared,and the quality of silage was evaluated.[Result]Compared with the control varieties,from the analysis of agronomic traits,Yinyu 238,Yinyu 439 and Jindan 73 showed a significant increase in stem diameter and fresh grass yield per mu(P<0.05),while Yinyu 238 and DK622 showed a significant increase in hay yield per mu(P<0.05).Yinyu 238 had the best performance in plant height and stem diameter,followed by Jindan 73;From the analysis of nutritional quality,the crude protein content of silver jade 238,silver jade 439 and DK622 significantly increased before and after ensiling(P<0.05),while the neutral washing fiber content and acidic washing fiber content of silver jade 238 significantly decreased before ensiling(P<0.05).After fermentation,the neutral washing fiber content of silver jade 439 and DK622 significantly decreased(P<0.05);From the analysis of fermentation quality,the proportion of lactic acid,acetic acid and butyric acid in the experimental varieties all meet the standards for high-quality silage.The fermentation quality of Deke 622 and Lvbo 6 silage is excellent,while others are good.[Conclusion]Silver Jade 238,Silver Jade 439,and DK622 silage corn varieties have the characteristics of high biological yield,high nutritional value and excellent silage quality,and can be promoted and applied as high-quality silage corn varieties in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.