塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地浅层地温特征及其影响因子研究

The Study of The Characteristics and its Impact Factors of Shallow Soil Temperature in the Hinterland of Taklamakan Desert

为了更好地了解沙漠腹地浅层地温特征以及对气候的响应关系,利用塔中气象站1996—2015年日平均气温、浅层地温(0~20cm)以及总云量、低云量、日照时数、风速、沙尘日数等资料,分析沙漠腹地地温分布特征以及与气象因子的响应关系。结果表明:浅层地温在春、夏季热量向下传导,秋、冬季则表现为相反趋势,气温和地温(0~20cm)的月平均值分别为11.8、16.4、16.0、16.1、16.1℃和16.3℃;在0~10cm地温之间,变化幅度呈现7月份波动最大,在10~20cm地温之间,12月波动最大,9月份,地温随着深度的增加波动一直是最小的;夏季,地温不是影响气温的主要影响因子,在其他季节,气温与0cm地温相关性最明显;(4)冬季,风速是影响气温和地温的主要气象因子。

Based on the meteorological data of Tazhong area from 1996 to 2015,including the average daily temperature,shallow soil temperature(0~20 cm),total amount of cloud,the amount of the low cloud,sunshine duration,wind speed,the days of sand and dust,it’s been analyzed that characteristics of the distribution of soil temperature in the hinterland of the desert and the response relationship with meteorological factors.Results were showed that:(1)Shallow soil temperature conduct the heat down in spring and summer,and show the opposite trend in autumn and winter,the average of air temperature and soil temperature(0~20 cm)is respectively 11.8℃,16.4℃,16.0℃,16.1℃,16.1℃,16.3℃.(2)The soil temperature between 0~10 cm,presents the most volatile in July,when the soil temperature between 10~20 cm,the most volatile in December,in September,the soil temperature fluctuation has always been the smallest.(3)In summer,the soil temperature is not the main factors of affecting the temperature,in the other seasons,the correlation between 0 cm soil temperature and air temperature is the most obvious positive.(4)In winter,the wind speed is the main meteorological factors of affecting the air temperature and soil temperature.