民国初年达寿治理的北京蒙藏学校述论

Study on Beijing Mongolian and Tibetan School Presided by Da Shou in Early Republic of China

民国初年北京政府秉持五族共和理念,组建北京蒙藏学校,按照教育部核定的学校章程,以补习科三年制的形式,基本解决了历史遗留问题。其后,预备科的招生,历尽艰辛,各地对新式教育的因应不尽相同,使得最初招生实践即无法按其比例推进。学校所聘教师虽多兼任,但多是当时优秀人才,其籍贯与经历多元丰富,为负笈求学京城的边疆学生提供了更多的学习内容,开阔了眼界。开设课程也皆近代新学。达寿是北京蒙藏学校的首任校长,治校九年有余,面对学校初建时遭遇的各种困局,他勇于担当,使北京蒙藏学校从孙家花园的局促空间转入西单石虎胡同。北京蒙藏学校的历史,是近代中国边疆教育的一个缩影。

In the early Republic of China,upholding the harmony of five ethnic groups,the government in Beijing established Beijing Mongolian and Tibetan School in the form of a three-year remedial course in accordance with the school charter approved by the Ministry of Education,which basically solved the problems left over from history.Then,the recruitment of preparatory courses was arduous and the response to the new education varied from place to place so that the initial recruitment was not fulfilled pro rata.Although part-time,most of the teachers employed were outstanding talents and their diversified birthplaces and experiences provided more learning content and broader horizons for frontier students studying in the capital.The curriculum teaching all centered on modern knowledge.Da Shou was the first principal in charge for more than nine years.In the face of various difficulties,he had the courage to take on the responsibility and developed the school from the cramped space of Sunjia Garden to Xidan Shihu Alley.The history of Beijing Mongolian and Tibetan School is a microcosm of frontier education in modern China.