北魏初年的弱洛水、鹿浑海、意辛山、南床山——兼论《中国历史地图集》的相关注记

Ruoluo Water,Luhun Sea,Yixin Mountain and Nanchuang Mountain in the Early Northern Wei Dynasty——Also on the Notes in China History Atlas

北魏初年,拓跋珪整饬阴山以北的草原秩序是从征伐东部的库莫奚开始的。登国初年库莫奚所居弱洛水,即今天的西辽河上游西拉木伦河。西拉木伦河西北方向的达里湖就是登国年间的鹿浑海。鹿浑海西北百里之余的意辛山,应为今天锡林郭勒盟的平顶山。意辛山是进入锡林郭勒草原的标志性象征,这片草原也是当时漠南地区最富庶的草原,是若干草原部族共生共聚之地。登国六年(391年)拓跋击败柔然的“南床山”,可能是意辛山的汉语称呼。

The early Northern Wei Dynasty,Tuobagui started his conquer of grassland from Kumo Stream in Ruoluo Water in the beginning of Dengguo period(386),which is today’s Xilamulun River in the upper reaches of the West Liaohe River.Dali Lake,northwest of the Xilamulun River,was called Luhun Sea during the Dengguo period.Yixin Mountain,more than a hundred miles northwest of Luhun Sea,should be today’s Pingding Mountain in Xilingol League.Yixin Mountain is the symbol of entering Xilingol Grassland being the richest place in the southern Desert at that time,where several grassland tribes co-existed.In the sixth year of Dengguo period(391),Tuoba defeated Rouran Khaganate’s“Nanchuang Mountain”,which might be the Chinese name for Yixin Mountain.