施不同量硅肥对向日葵产量及品质的影响

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT APPLICATION OF SILICON FERTILIZER ON SUNFLOWER YIELD AND QUALITY

本试验以巴彦淖尔市河套地区向日葵为研究对象,在施用氮磷钾肥的基础上,配合施用不同量的硅肥,研究不同处理下向日葵的产量及品质,结果表明:所有施用硅肥的处理与未施用硅肥的处理相比较,在向日葵叶面积、结实率、籽仁率和单盘粒重等指标都有显著提高。硅肥施用量为90 kg/hm^2的处理的光合势最高,较对照处理提高了6.8%,该处理的叶面积、结实率、籽仁率和单盘粒重最高,产量最高,较对照处理提高了18.32%。硅肥施用量为135 kg/hm^2的处理的粗蛋白的含量最高,硅肥施用量为90 kg/hm^2的处理次之,较对照分别提高了6.3%和3.3%。在河套地区,基施氮磷钾肥结合适宜的硅肥有利于向日葵的高产,综合考虑生产效果和经济因素,在河套地区农业生产中可以将硅肥90 kg/hm^2施用量进行推广。

In this experiment,sunflowers in Hetao area of Bayannaoer City were used as research objects.On the basis of applying NPK fertilizer,different amounts of silicon fertilizer were applied to study the yield and quality of sunflower under different treatments.The results showed that all the treatments were applied with silicon fertilizer were significantly improved in leaf area,seed setting rate,seed kernel rate and single-plate weight compared with the treatment without applying silicon fertilizer.The photosynthetic potential of the treatment with 90 kg/hm^2 of silicon fertilizer was the highest,which was 6.8% higher than that of the control treatment.The leaf area,seed setting rate,seed kernel rate and single-plate weight were the highest,and the yield was the highest,which was higher than the control treatment 18.32%.The content of crude protein treated with 145 kg/hm^2 of silicon fertilizer was the highest,and that of silicon fertilizer was 90 kg/hm^2,which was 6.3% and 3.3% higher than that of the control.In the Hetao area,the application of NPK fertilizer combined with suitable silicon fertilizer is conducive to the high yield of sunflower.Considering the production effect and economic factors,the application rate of 90 kg/hm^2 of silicon fertilizer can be promoted in agricultural production in Hetao area.