地方政府重大风险治理中风险放大的行为产生逻辑——基于疫情防控“风险空间放大”的分析

Logic of Local Governments′ Risk Amplification in Major Risk Governance——Based on the Analysis of "Risk Space Enlargement" in COVID-19 Response

地方政府在重大风险治理中产生了风险放大的治理行为。对风险空间评估的放大是地方政府在疫情防控中“层层加码”的现实表征。基于4个省级疫情风险防控政策中对外在风险空间的界定可以发现,风险空间界定表现出一定的地方自由裁量:地方政府对外在风险空间的界定与行政区划基本重叠,地方政府的疫情风险治理存在着“风险空间放大”的层层加码行为。地方政府基于重大风险淡化行政边界的跨域属性,在科层逻辑下形成对重大风险治理属地管理的权责,加之纵向干预政策的功能错配、不充分嵌入下的技术依赖及社会风险放大的舆情倒逼,进而生成“风险空间放大”的风险放大治理行为。因此,要优化地方政府风险治理行为,避免地方政府风险放大带来地方层面的发展与安全失衡。

Local governments tend to amplify risks in dealing with the major risk governance,and amplifying the risk space assessment in responding the COVID-19 is a realistic performance of"taking excessive steps"at the local level.Based on how policies of four provinces to prevent and control epidemic define the external risk spaces,a certain degree of local discretion can be observed,since a local government tends to assess its external risk space basically as the same scope to its administrative areas.As for responding to the major risks,local governments should downplay the cross-domain nature of administrative boundaries but actually form the powers and responsibilities of territorial management of major risk governance under bureaucratic logic.In addition,the functional mismatch of vertical intervention policies,the technical dependence of insufficient embedding and the amplification of social risks from the public opinion altogether generate the risk amplification governance behavior.Correspondingly,it is necessary to optimize the risk management behavior of local governments to avoid the imbalance of development and security at the local level caused by the effect of amplifying risks.