抗日战争时期在华冲绳人的青春体验与精神构造——浅析大城立裕《清晨,伫立在上海——小说东亚同文书院》

Youth Experience and Spiritual Structure of Okinawans in China during the Anti-Japanese War:Elementary Analysis of Oshiro Tatsuhiro's Work"At Dawn,I Stand Long in Shanghai-The Tung Wen College"

大城立裕(1925—2020),生于冲绳中城村一个世袭神女之家,1943年入读上海东亚同文书院,日本战败后退学,辗转回到美军托管下的冲绳。东亚同文书院的消失带来的“青春挫败感”和“祖国丧失”的创伤促使大城立裕走上了文学创作的道路,与朝鲜、中国台湾及日本本土青年共读于上海东亚同文书院的经历促使其对“国家意识”“国民意识”“国家认同”“文化认同”等观念展开了深刻的思索。《清晨,伫立在上海——小说东亚同文书院》是一部带有浓厚自传色彩的告白小说,其主题兼具边缘性与普遍性:冲绳以此与中国乃至整个东亚相联通。主人公集冲绳民族意识、“日本国民意识”于一身,海外异化空间促成了其琉球民族认同的觉醒,却亦由此陷入从边缘到封闭的境地。

Oshiro Tatsuhiro's literature not only records the relationship between China and Ryukyu with a strong sense of history and humanistic sentiment,but also is praised because of his distinctive Okinawa character,and it also has its own place in the field of"Japanese literature".In a sense,we can also refer to the literature of Oshiro Tatsuhiro as a cross-nation and mixed literature."At Dawn,I Stand Long in Shanghai-The Tung Wen College"depicts the image of a student who is intertwined with pride,bitter and remorse at The Tung Wen College in the perspective of"Japanese".This image overlaps with the image of the Japanese nationals before and after the war and even the national image of Japan,forming a three-dimensional structure that is mutually mapped.At the same time,this structure also interacts with China in the Japanese concept and the Chinese people they actually contact.We should not separate any of its parts to discuss the history of the end of the"Great East Asian War".