新见唐《李训墓志》之“日本国朝臣备”解析

An analysis of the "Japanese Ason Bi" in the epitaph of Li Xun in the Tang Dynasty

2019年12月25日,一合唐开元年间鸿胪寺丞李训的墓志公布于世,名为"大唐故鸿胪寺丞李君墓志铭并序"。志石呈正方形,四边有花叶纹,全志19行,共计328字,李训于开元二十二年六月二十日去世,同年六月二十五日下葬,末尾写有"日本国朝臣备书"。墓志所载除补史书之阙外,为日本遣唐使及相关领域研究提供了新的史料。文章考释了该墓志的主要内容,指出"日本国朝臣备书"这一信息的重大意义,在7世纪末至8世纪初石刻资料中,写有"日本"二字者已见四方墓志,但"日本国"三字仅见于此。"朝臣备"其人,很可能就是开元和天宝年间两次入唐的吉备真备。文章还介绍了墓志引发的质疑之声,希望学界深入研究,辨其真伪,还原历史真相。

December 25 th,2019,a piece of the gravestone of Li Xun,the assistant minister of the Court of State Ceremonial Honglusi was revealed to the public.The title of the memorial tablet is "the epitaph and the introductory of Mr.Li Xun,the former assistant minister of Honglusi".The gravestone is square—shaped and there are carvings of flowers and leaves on four sides.There are 19 lines and 328 characters in total,and the end of the epitaph says "written by Japanese Ason Bi".This article studied and interpreted the content of the epitaph,thus identificating the great significance of "the Japanese Ason Bi"and pointing out the doubts raised by this epitaph.