异种嵌合体的前世今生与未来

The past,present and future of interspecies chimaeras

在发育生物学中,嵌合体是指在同一个个体中,由基因型不同的细胞或组织相互接触且维持各自并存的混合状态。如果细胞来自不同的物种,所组成的个体就被称为异种嵌合体,也称为种间嵌合体。如果细胞来自同一物种,则称为同种嵌合体,也叫种内嵌合体。本文着眼于异种嵌合体,首先介绍了异种嵌合体的起源,随后就不同干细胞来源的异种嵌合体的发展和形成异种嵌合体的关键因素进行了深入分析,并对异种嵌合体在研究领域的应用和临床发展前景进行了展望。

In developmental biology,chimera refers to the mixed state that cells or tissues with different genotypes contact and coexist in the same individual. If the cells come from different species,the individual is called interspecies-chimera,whereas the chimera composed of cells coming from the same species is called the intraspecies-chimera. In this paper,we review the origin of the interspecies-chimaera,and analyze the development progress of the interspecies-chimaeras from different types of stem cells and the key factors of their formation. The application of the interspecies-chimaera in research fields and their clinical development are envisaged.