基于激光对射阵列的谷物流量监测装置研究

Research on Grain Flow Monitoring Device Based on Laser Array

针对联合收获机刮板式输粮装置内谷物分布不均、流量难以准确测量的问题,开展了刮板式输粮的联合收获机谷物流量监测方法研究,设计了基于激光对射阵列的谷物流量监测装置,主要由激光对射阵列、升运器转速传感器、数据处理模块和谷物流量计量显示终端组成。当升运器刮板输送谷物经过激光对射阵列时,会阻断激光发射器发出的红外光线,激光接收器由于无法接收到红外光信号,输出信号发生变化,通过定时采集激光接收器输出信号变化可获取谷物分布信息;同时,升运器转速传感器输出转速信号,谷物流量数据处理模块将采集到的升运器转速信号和激光对射阵列信号经滤波、整形后,与人工测定的谷物容重信息送至谷物流量计量软件系统,以分层积分法处理后,将谷物流量、谷物容重和升运器转速实时显示在终端上。为了验证基于激光对射阵列原理的谷物流量监测装置性能,选择含水率为14.7%的南梗5055号水稻,开展了室内台架试验。结果表明:谷物含水率相同的情况下,基于激光对射阵列原理的谷物流量监测装置室内台架试验测量结果相对误差≤3.00%,为田间谷物流量在线监测提供了技术基础。

In order to further improve the accuracy of grain flow monitoring device for scraper type grain combine harvester,this paper designs a grain flow monitoring device based on the principle of laser array,which is composed of laser array,elevator speed sensor,data processing module and grain flow display terminal.When the elevator scraper transports grain through the laser array,the grain will block the infrared light emitted by the laser transmitter.Since the laser receiver cannot receive the infrared light signal,the output signal will change.By timing acquisition laser receiver output signal changes can get grain distribution information,elevator speed sensor output rotational speed signal at the same time.The grain flow data processing module sends the collected elevator speed signal,laser counter array signal and manually measured grain bulk density information to the grain flow measurement software system.After the above data are processed by the hierarchical integration method,the grain flow rate,grain bulk density and elevator speed are displayed on the terminal in real time.In order to verify the performance of the grain flow monitoring device,a laboratory bench test was carried out on Nangeng 5055 rice with a moisture content of 14.7%.Bench test shows that under the same grain moisture content,the relative error of measurement results in laboratory test of grain flow monitoring device based on the principle of laser countermeasure array is less than or equal to 3.00%,which provides a technical basis for online monitoring of grain flow in the field.