窝眼轮式小麦排种器参数优化试验研究

Parameter Optimization of Wheat Seeding Device with Nest Round Wheel

为了改善小区小麦精密排种器排种不均匀、重播漏播现象,设计了一种窝眼轮式小麦精密排种器。以"西农223号小麦"为试验对象,进行了基于离散元法的排种器优化设计,同时采用了三因素三水平二次正交旋转组合试验,建立了粒距合格率、种子重播率、种子漏播率与窝眼数量、端面间距、排种轮转速三因素之间的数学模型,并进行正交试验,分析了各因素对种子重播率、粒距合格率、种子漏播率的影响,确定了各因素的最佳参数组合为:窝眼数量为38个、端面间距为5mm、排种轮转速为20r/min。台架试验结果表明:粒距合格率为95.92%、种子重播率为2.50%、种子漏播率为1.58%,为窝眼轮式小麦精密排种器的研发提供了设计依据。

In this study, a wheat seeding device with nest round wheel was designed. A discrete element method simulation of this wheat seeding was performed using EDEM. We used three factors and three levels in a quadratic orthogonal rotation design to establish mathematical models regarding the qualified rate of seed distance, the re-seeding rate, and the rate of seed missing based on the number of the nest round, the distance between two cross-sections, and the rotation speed of seeding wheel. We also analyzed the effects of all factors on the qualified rate of seed distance, the re-seeding rate, and the rate of seed missing. The optimal parameter combination was the number of the nest round of 38, the distance between two cross-sections of 4.95 mm, and the rotation speed of seeding wheel of 20 rpm. The field experiment showed that the qualified rate of seed distance, the re-seeding rate, and the rate of seed missing were 95.92%, 2.50%, and 1.58 %, respectively. Findings provide a design basis for future research on the wheat seeding device with nest round wheel.