农业全产业链大数据的作用机理和建设路径研究

Study on the Function Mechanism and Development Path of Big Data in the Whole Agricultural Industry Chain

近年来,大数据技术快速发展,受到党中央、国务院的高度重视。我国农业正处于加快转型升级、推进高质量发展的新阶段,数据作为新型生产要素,正在深度融入到农业产业的全链条中,将为农业发展提供不竭动力。与发达国家相比,我国农业全产业链大数据建设仍处于起步探索阶段,存在农业数据资源建设基础薄弱、大数据资源共享机制不健全、农业数字技术研发和智能装备明显滞后、大数据分析应用与产业融合发展不充分等问题。要从完善数据资源体系、强化大数据分析应用、构建数据资源共享共赢合作生态、打造大数据建设成果集成应用示范区等方面入手,以"四轮驱动"方式加快农业全产业链大数据建设。要把农业全产业链大数据建设作为数字农业、数字乡村发展的"一号工程"予以推动,重点从基础设施、产业生态、市场环境、财税金融、人才队伍等方面提供强有力的支撑保障。

In recent years,the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council have paid great attention to the rapid development of big data technology.Agriculture in China is in a new stage of accelerating transformation and promoting high-quality development.As a new factor in production,data is being deeply integrated into the whole chain of the agricultural industry and will provide impetus for agricultural development.Compared with developed countries,the construction of big data application in the whole chain of agricultural industry in China is still in initial stage.There are also challenges that constrain its development,including weak foundation for construction of agricultural data resource,underdeveloped sharing mechanism for big data resource,less progress in agricultural digital technology development and intelligent equipment,and insufficient big data analysis application and industry integration.We should accelerate construction of big data application in the whole chain of agricultural industry through the channels of improving data resource system,strengthening analysis and application of big data,conducting data resource sharing and win-win cooperation,and building the pilot zone for integration and application of big data.We should promote construction of big data application in the whole chain of agricultural industry as the"No.1 Project"of development of digital agriculture and smart villages,and provide strong support in infrastructure,industrial ecology,market environment,taxation and finance and talents.