目标悬浮、技术化治理与可持续性缺失——后扶贫时代教育精准扶贫如何继续前行?

Target Floatation, Technical Governance, and Sustainability Absence: How Targeted Education Poverty Alleviation Moves Forward in the Post-poverty Era?

伴随着新时代脱贫攻坚目标任务如期完成,中国迈入"后扶贫"新阶段,对教育精准扶贫提出更为严峻挑战。当前教育精准扶贫中存在着目标悬浮、技术化治理与可持续性发展缺失三重困境,其深层原因在于未能处理好教育精准扶贫中的精准性与非规范性、技术理性与价值理性、短期脱贫与可持续性发展、学校脱贫与乡村振兴之间的内在矛盾。后扶贫时代教育精准扶贫要深化前行,亟需树立"大教育"观念,推进教育扶贫与乡村振兴的协同联动;完善教育扶贫对象的精准识别,分类指导精准施策;重视教育扶贫的价值理性,构建多元主体参与的教育精准扶贫新格局;优先关注困难学生的心理与情感发展,努力让每个孩子都有人生出彩的机会;重构学校与乡村生态关系,为乡村振兴注入可持续发展内生动力。

With the completion of the task of poverty alleviation,China has ushered the era of"post poverty",which will pose a more severe challenge to targeted poverty alleviation in education.There are three dilemmas in current targeted education poverty alleviation,namely,the target floatation,technical governance,and sustainability absence.The underlying reason lies in the failure to deal with the internal contradictions between accuracy and non-normalization,technical rationality and value rationality,short-term effect and sustainable development,and school poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.To deepen targeted poverty alleviation in education in the post-poverty era,macro-education view should be established to promote the high-quality linkage of educational poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,accurate identification mechanisms should be perfected to implement policy based on poverty categories,value rationality of education poverty alleviation should be highly appreciated to build a new poverty alleviation pattern of multiple actors’cooperation and participation,the psychological and emotional development of students should be priority to considered to make every child a brilliant life,and ecological relationship between schools and countryside should be reconstructed to inject endogenous development motivation into rural poverty alleviation.