“新乡贤治村”:乡村社区治理创新的路径选择与优化策略

“New Rural Sages Governing Villages”: Research on the Path of Rural Community Governance Innovation and Its Optimization

"新乡贤治村"是乡村振兴背景下乡村社区治理创新的重要路径之一。实践显示:新乡贤凭借自身的诸多优势在乡村社区治理创新中发挥着民主治理功能、政策宣传功能、秩序再造功能和民主监督功能。同时,由于一些现实因素的限制,"新乡贤治村"也存在一定的限度,主要表现为:新乡贤参与乡村治理中存在的凭经验办事思维阻碍了"依法治村"的成长;"理性经济人"行为方式导致新乡贤参与乡村治理功能的异化;传统乡贤文化的匮乏使新乡贤参与乡村治理的内生性动力不足。为此,需要以顶层设计和制度建设为切入点,从参与渠道、评价体系和新乡贤文化建设等多方面协同推进,优化"新乡贤治村"路径,推进乡村社区治理现代化。

New rural sages governing villages is an important path choice of rural community governance innovation in the context of rural revitalization.From the perspective of governance,new rural sages play vital roles in the innovation of rural community governance,including democratic governance,policy propaganda,order reconstruction and democratic supervision.However,the choice of new rural sages governing villages is inevitably functional limited due to the practical constraints.Among these are that the behavior mode based on experiences prohibited the development of rule of law in rural areas,the thinking of"economic man"caused the dissimilation of new rural sages’functions,and the shortage of traditional rural culture made the lack of endogenous motivations of new rural sages participating in rural governance.For the purpose of optimizing the new rural sages governing villages and promoting the modernization of rural community governance,it is expected to take the top-level design and institution construction as the fundamental and take joint efforts to broaden participation channel of new rural sages in rural governance,as well as diversify the evaluating system and construct new rural sages culture.