公序良俗的法理分析:性质、类型与适用

Public Order and Kind Custom from Jurisprudential Perspective: Character, Type and Application

在传统民法语境中,公序良俗被视为一项基本原则。但从法理学的角度观之,其逻辑构成和法律规则及法律原则都有明显的差别,主要体现在它具有相对宽泛的事实要件和较为克制的价值评价功能。因此,它本质上属于法律标准。内容上,它可以指向丰富的法外渊源,包括原则、政策和习惯等类型。司法实践中,民法理论以关于公序良俗的立场为其设置了运用前提。但是只有站在公序良俗的立场上对其正确定性和分型,才能为涉及公序良俗的案件提供有效的裁判方法。

In civil law context,public order and kind custom is taken as a basic principle.But from jurisprudential perspective,there are differences among legal rules,principle and public order and kind custom.It has broad factual requirement and restrictive evaluate requirement.So,in essence,it is a legal standard.In judicial practice,civil law theory already set up some premise for application of public order and kind custom.However,only based on correct definition and classification,can provide valid methods for application of public order and kind custom in judicial process.