“把自己作为方法”——兼谈民族志文本中作者的“主体性”

“The Self as Method”: Discussion of Authors’ “Subjectivity” in Ethnographic Content

"把自己作为方法"的核心是"个人经验问题化",是研究者在进行相关理论思考时将个人经验的"带入"。研究发现,"把自己作为方法"可能会引出的问题,并不是"主观"与"客观"之争,而是研究问题如何更好地体现"公共性"。"自我民族志""主体民族志"均是较为彻底地实践了"把自己作为方法",同时也是民族志文本中研究者"主体性"得以充分释放的典型。另外,人类学之外的学科在实践"把自己作为方法"时,尚需谨慎。

The core of"self as method"is"questionization of personal experience",which is to"introduce"researchers’personal experience into the thinking process about relevant theories.The study indicates that"self as method"may raise questions,which is not the debate between"subjective"and"objective",but how to better reflect"public"."Self-ethnography"and"subject-ethnography"both thoroughly practice"self as method",and are also typical examples of researchers’"subjectivity"being fully released in ethnography contents.In addition,disciplines other than anthropology need to be cautious in practicing"self as method".