从“文学家”到“把关人”——论文学经典化历程中的传播主体

From “Literator” to “Gatekeeper”:The Communication Subject in the Process of Literary Classicization

文学经典的建构过程与文学传播主体息息相关。后者无论作为文学作品的创造者、传播者还是审查者,总会以特定方式影响作品的传播深度与广度,从而成为文学经典化历程中最值得探究的要素之一。文学传播的主体身份既具有多元性,又是作为一个整体——"由小到大的分级系统"起作用的。以传播主体之于文学经典的亲疏关系为衡量标准,这一系统可以被区分为本源信息、复制信息和筛选信息三个层级的传播主体。此三者由小及大、互为表里,不仅在主体维度形成了一个文本传播得以展开的分级系统,而且充分反映出文学经典作为"历史流传物"的文化建构属性。

The construction of literary classics is closely related to the communication subject.The latter,no matter as the creator,disseminator or censor of literary works,will always influence the depth and breadth of the dissemination of works in a specific way,thus becoming one of the most worthy elements in the process of literary classicization.The subject identity of literary communication is not only diversified,but also functioning as a whole-"grading system from small to large".Based on the relationship between the communication subject and the literary classics,this system can be divided into three levels of subjects:original information,reproduction information and screening information.From small to large and from inside to outside,these three aspects not only form a hierarchical system in which text communication can be carried out in the subject dimension,but also fully reflect the cultural construction attribute of literary classics as"historical relics".