《民法典》第962条(中介人的如实报告义务)评注

Comments on Article 962 of Civil Code of People’s Republic of China: Intermediary’s Duty for Faithful Report

《中华人民共和国民法典》第962条旨在贯彻诚实信用原则,促使中介人履行如实报告义务,进而实现委托人的信息自决。当中介人以中介活动为业时,应对如实报告义务进行扩张解释,及于合理的调查核实义务。中介人故意违反如实报告义务,损害委托人利益的,构成对诚实信用原则的违反。作为对此背信行为的制裁,中介人不得请求支付报酬,也不得请求支付必要费用。除故意违反如实报告义务之外,中介人未尽到合理的调查核实义务时,也应承担赔偿责任。若将中介人的赔偿责任限定在故意情形,对其过于优待,缺乏正当性。中介人的赔偿责任具体可能表现为对信赖利益、履行利益或固有利益的赔偿。如果中介人和相对人共同造成了委托人的损失,二者均应承担责任。具体而言,当中介人为故意时,无论是否与相对人存在意思联络,二者均应承担连带责任。当中介人为过失时,应承担与其过错程度相应的补充责任。如果委托人明知会发生损害,则不予保护。如果委托人对损害的发生存在过失,应对赔偿数额作相应酌减。

Article 962 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China aims to implement the principle o honesty and credibility,to encourage a intermediary to fulfill his/her duty for a faithful report,thus realizing a client’s information self-determination.When engaged in intermediary activities,an intermediary is dutiful to give a full account to a faithful report,including the duty of reasonable investigations and versification.When the intermediary intentionally violates the duty of a faithful report,hence harming the client’s interests,he/she may not require payment of any remuneration.Regardless of whether the intermediary is intentional or negligent,he/she shall be liable for damages.When the intermediary is deliberate,regardless of whether there is intentional contact with the counter-party,both parties shall bear liability.Specifically,when the intermediary is at fault,he/she shall bear joint liability.If the client is negligent in the occurrence of the damage,he/she shall bear the corresponding supplementary liability.the amount of damages shall be reduced accordingly.