行政诉讼被告举证期限制度之司法实践现状研究——以135份裁判文书为中心

An Empirical Study on Defendant’s Time Limit of Providing Evidence in Administrative Litigation of China

实证研究表明,司法实践中行政诉讼被告举证期限制度的适用存在"举证的期限适用差异化,逾期/延期举证正当事由认定标准多样化,逾期举证法律后果不一致"等问题。立法粗疏、公共利益和个人权益相冲突、相关配套制度不完善是造成前述问题的主要原因。为解决前述问题,立法层面上,修正法律规定不明的情况,重构被告逾期举证法律后果;司法层面上,完善配套制度,限制自由裁量权的滥用,最终实现行政诉讼被告举证期限制度的重构。

In judicial practice,there are many problems in the application of the defendant’s time limit system of providing evidence in administrative litigation,including discrepancy exists in the application of the time limit of providing evidence,the forms of legitimate reasons and relevant judging standards are diverse,and the harmful legal consequences for failure to produce evidences are inconsistent.The reasons cause the above difficulties include the stipulations of law are rough and ambiguous,the interests between public and private are conflict,and related supporting system is insufficient.To address the aforementioned difficulties,it is suggested to revise the stipulations of law and establish the legal sanction of overdue proof on the legislative level.On the judicial level,the paper proposes to improve related institutions,and to limit the abuse of judge’s power of discretion,so as to reconstruct the application of the time limit system of providing evidence.