职业教育培训评价组织:类型特征、运营模式及优化路径——以三个专业群相关1+X证书为例

Vocational Education and Training Evaluation Organization:Type Characteristics,Operation Mode and Optimization Path——Take the Relevant 1+X Certificates of Three Professional Groups as an Example

培训评价组织是1+X证书制度试点工作的重要参与主体,对职业技能等级证书的质量和声誉具有重要的影响作用。基于此,通过梳理工商管理、电子商务和旅游管理专业群相关1+X证书对应的培训评价组织,从组织性质、行业属性和地区分布三个维度对其类型特征进行了归纳汇总,进而从专业特长组织引领型、行业标杆带动示范型、资源整合组织协调型、培训评价功能迁移型四种类型对其运营模式进行了对比分析。最后从多部门监管、多主体协同、多功能兼顾等视角提出了培训评价组织规范发展优化路径。

Training evaluation organizations are important participants in the 1+X certificate system pilot work,and have significant impact on the quality and reputation of vocational skills certification.Based on this,this paper sorted out the training evaluation organizations corresponding to 1+X certificates related to professional groups of business administration,e-commerce and tourism management,and summarized their type characteristics from three dimensions of organizational nature,industry attributes and regional distribution.Subsequently,it conducts comparative analysis of their operation modes across four types:professional expertise-led organizational guidance type,industry benchmark-driven demonstration type,resource integration organizational coordination type,and training evaluation function migration type.Finally,this paper proposes a standardized and optimized development path for training evaluation organizations from various perspectives such as multi-departmental supervision,multi-party collaboration and multifunctional consideration.