1+X证书制度内在逻辑、功能价值与实施对策研究

Research on the Internal Logic,Functional Value and Implementation Countermeasures of 1+X Certificate System

1+X证书制度是基于实现职业教育类型教育的基本制度设计,聚焦技术技能人才能力的培养与提升,立足岗位(群)标准和职业技能等级标准,将行业企业对人才的需求作为人才培养的逻辑起点。这样,一方面能够深化产教融合、校企合作,满足人才供需精准对接的迫切需要;另一方面有助于受教育者增强就业创业本领,拓宽职业生涯发展通道。分析1+X证书制度的内在逻辑及系统价值,从制度试点实施层面总结存在的四个主要问题:课证融通有待深化;“X”证书与中高职课程体系衔接错位;“X”证书社会认可度有待验证;配套保障制度有待完善。从重构课程体系,优化“1”与“X”的定位和衔接匹配,健全社会评价组织监督管理与“X”证书退出机制,完善配套保障制度等方面提出针对性的实施建议。

Based on fulfilling the systematic designing of vocational education,a kind of type education,the post(group)standard and standard of vocational skills level,1+X certificate system focuses on cultivating and improving the abilities of technical skilled talents,taking the talents demand of industry and enterprises as the logical starting point.On one hand,the integration of industry and education,college-enterprise cooperation can be deepened to meet the urgent need of precise docking of talents supply and demand.On the other hand,the educated people will enhance their ability to find jobs and start businesses and broaden their career development channels.The paper analyzes the internal logic and system value of 1+X certificate system,and summarizes four main problems existing in the implementation of the system pilot:the supporting system to be improved;the mismatching of“X”certificate and vocational curriculum system;the social recognition of“X”certificate to be verified;the supporting guarantee system to be improved.It puts forward such targeted implementation suggestions as reconstructing the curriculum system,optimizing the positioning and matching of“1”and“X”,improving the supervision and management of social evaluation organizations and the withdrawal mechanism of“X”certificate,perfecting the supporting guarantee system.