技术封锁背景下数字化转型如何提升中国企业韧性?

How can Digital Transformation Enhance Resilience of Chinese Enterprises under Technological Blockade?

当今国际政治经济形势复杂多变,美国对中国进行常态化技术封锁和打压,给中国企业的韧性带来巨大冲击。本文从企业内外部两方面分析了数字化转型提升中国企业韧性的理论机理,并基于2018年起美国增加对中国的技术封锁力度这一事件进行实证研究。研究发现,企业通过数字化转型对内部组织赋能、在外部形成万物互联的产业网络,显著提升了韧性,使企业在技术封锁后利润率下降更少且能更快地恢复;基于多维度指标衡量韧性,发现数字化转型在“冲击”发生后提升了企业各方面经营状况;异质性分析发现,数字化转型对创新能力弱、研发补助少、在技术封锁下更为脆弱的企业的韧性提升更大;进一步分析发现,数字化转型还能促进企业在技术封锁后进行高质量自主创新。

The current global political and economic stuation is complex and fast-changing.The United States has imposed a normalized technological blockade and suppression on China through trade wars and entity lists,which has brought a huge impact on the resilience of Chinese enterprises.This article analyzes the theoretical mechanisms of digital transformation to enhance the resilience of Chinese enterprises from both internal and external perspectives,and conducts empirical research based on the fact that the United States has inensified technological blockade against China since 2018.Research shows that Chinese companies have significantly improved their resilience by empowering intermnal organizations through digital transformation and forming the external industrial network internet of everything,resulting in less profit margin dcline and faster recovery after the technological blockade;Based on multi-dimensional indicators to measure resilience,the research has found that digital transformation has improved various aspects of the company's business performance after the blockade.The heterogeneity analysis shows that digital transformation mainly improves the resilience of enterprises with weaker innovation capabilities,fewer R&D subsidies,which are more vulnerable under technology blockade.I Further analysis shows that digital transformation can also promote high-quality independent innovation of enterprises after technology blockade.