国家经济开发区、政策不确定性与自主创新

National Economic and Technological Development Zone,Policy Uncertainty and Independent Innovation

国家经济技术开发区建设作为中国招商引资和促进创新的重大经济发展战略,其效果究竟如何?基于2007~2020年上市公司数据,使用双重差分法,研究了该开发区建设对企业自主创新的影响。结果表明:第一,国家经开区建设显著地促进了自主创新能力的提升。第二,相对于西部地区和国有企业,设立国家经开区对东、中部地区和民营企业的自主创新水平推动作用较强。第三,进一步实证检验发现,经济政策不确定性会抑制企业科技创新活动,削弱国家经开区的政策效果。此外,国家经开区建设在经济发展的不同阶段和不同所有制企业对创新影响是异质性的,政府的经开区政策和地区经济特征需要进行协调和匹配。

What is the impact of building national economic and technological development zones as an important strategy for China’s economic development to attract investment and encourage innovation?Based on the data of listed companies from 2007 to 2020,we use the DID method and examine the impact on the ability of companies to innovate.The results show:First,the estab¬lishment of national economic and technological development zones has significantly promoted the ability to innovate.Second,the effect is stronger in the central east region and private companies.Third,other empirical tests show that economic policy uncertainty inhibits companies’technological innovation activities and weakens the policy effect.In addition,the establishment of national economic and technological development zones has heterogeneous effects on innovation ability in the stages of economic development and enterprise ownership,the government’s economic development zone policy and regional economic characteristics must be coordinated and aligned.