进口集聚与制造业企业成本加成

Import Agglomeration and ManufacturingIndustry Enterprises’Markup

本文基于比较优势理论,借助差异化中间投入品,构建进口集聚对企业成本加成影响的理论模型,分析表明:进口集聚对制造业企业成本加成具有显著的正向影响;且溢出效应与企业生产率水平负相关。本文基于2000~2011年的中国工业企业数据库与中国海关数据库匹配的数据进行检验,实证分析表明:整体上分析,一般贸易、既进口又出口企业、东中部地区企业、国有企业具有更高的进口集聚效应。但是,非技术前沿企业得益于技术前沿企业的信息溢出,是进口集聚的主要受益者。机制分析表明,进口中间投入品的价格降低是进口集聚促进企业市场竞争力提升的重要渠道。通过采用工具变量法对内生性问题进行处理后,结果仍然稳健。

Based on comparative advantage theory,we discuss the effect of import agglomeration on enterprise’markup by differential intermediate products.The results show that import agglomeration stimulates the positive effect on markup;and we find the spillover effect is different among firms with heterogeneity productivity.We use the matched databases of Chinese manufacture and customs from 2000 to 2011 to give an empirical test,and find that general trade,import and export firms,east and middle area,national enterprise has more import agglomeration effect.Contrast with front technical enterprise,non-front technical enterprise gets more profit from import agglomeration effect.This paper studies the channel of“price reduce effect”by which import agglomeration lift the enterprise’competition.By instrument method to solve the endogeneity problem,the result is also robust.