论我国古代的樱属植物认识——兼论“中国无樱花论”的成因

On the Cognition of Cerasus in Ancient China:Also on the Cause of“No Cherry Blossom in China”

我国古代的樱属植物认识基本止步于现代植物学分类上的樱属,对该类植物的认识较为模糊。这表现在名称的繁杂和混乱、分类的粗放、“樱桃”与“桃”相混等方面。“樱桃”作为樱属植物的总称,最重要的属性是作为“果实”而不是作为“花”。这种樱属植物认识具有被用于证明“中国无樱花”之误讹的潜在可能。而江户时代以来日本人的“樱花为日本独有”宣传和我国晚清民国学者关于樱花的“文化误判”,共同制造了“中国没有樱花”等违背历史和事实的错讹,而使这种可能性演变成了现实性。

The congnition of Cerasus in ancient China basically stopped at Cerasus in modern botany classifi cation,and the understanding of this type of plant is relatively vague.This is manifested in the complexity and confusion of names,extensive classifi cation,and confusion between“cherry”and“peach”.As a general term for cherry plants,the most important attribute of“cherry”is its characteristic as a“fruit”rather than a“flower”.This congnition of cherry plants has the potential to be used to prove the fallacy of“China has no cherry blossoms”.Since the Edo period,the Japanese propaganda of“cherry blossoms are unique”and the“cultural misjudgment”of scholars in the late Qing and Republic of China about cherry blossoms have jointly created errors and errors that go against history and facts,such as“China does not have cherry blossoms”,which has made this possibility evolve into reality.