仪式沉浮:民国时期浙江省植树节的演进与成效(1928—1937)

Ritual Ups and Downs:The Evolution and Effectiveness of Tree Planting Day in Zhejiang Province During the Period of the Republic of China(1928-1937)

1928年3月2日,南京国民政府将“旧式”清明植树节改为“总理逝世纪念植树式”,并在地方迅速推行。自“新式”植树节创制至全面抗战杭州沦陷前,浙江省对每年植树节前后应行工作皆颇为重视。由于“新式”植树节具有纪念孙中山的特殊意蕴,浙江省各县在植树实践中往往会偏离初衷,将过多精力放在典礼筹划与宣传工作上,而对本应成为“本事”的造林运动关注不够。植树典礼与造林运动逐渐偏向政治化与形式化饱受时人诟病,浙江省政府亦曾试图纠偏,但这一问题始终未得到改善。实际上,只要“新式”植树节的政治意义仍大于现实功用,相关流弊就很难得到根本解决。

On March 2,1928,the Nanjing national government changed the“old-fashioned”Qingming Tree Planting Day into“the Tree Planting Memorial commemorating Primer Sun Yat-Sen”,and quickly implemented it in local areas.From the creation of the“new”arbor day to the fall of Hangzhou in the all-round Anti-Japanese War,Zhejiang Province has attached great importance to the work that should be done before and after the annual Arbor Day.Because the“new”Arbor Day has the special meaning of commemorating Sun Yat-Sen,the counties in Zhejiang Province have actually deviated from their original intention in tree planting practice,and put too much energy on the ceremony planning and publicity work,but they are not concerned about the afforestation movement that should be the central work.The treeplanting ceremony and afforestation campaign have gradually become politicized and formalized,which has been criticized.Although the Zhejiang provincial government has tried to correct the deviation,the situation of local formality has not been improved.In essence,as long as the political significance of the“new”Arbor Day is still greater than the practical function,this problem is difficult to be fundamentally solved.