互动仪式视域下民族交往交流交融的情感逻辑——基于“吃相思”民俗的田野调查

THE EMOTIONAL LOGIC OF ETHNIC INTERACTION,EXCHANGE AND INTEGRATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERACTIVE RITUAL:Based on the Field Survey of the Folk Custom“Chixiangsi”

“吃相思”作为都柳江流域黔桂交界区域多民族共享的大型寨际交往活动,有效地促进了区域民族交流与社会互动。“吃相思”民俗的仪式过程中,参与主体通过“拦门迎宾”“芦笙互动”“饮酒共餐”“礼物互惠”等具体仪式链环短暂聚集,以平等互信、热情兴奋的状态融入到仪式中,获得了积极的情感能量,形塑了芦笙文化符号,生成了互惠共生的道德标准,在集体欢腾中实现了群体团结。因此,在具体的民族社会交往互动中,应关注民族交往的互动情境、交往主体的情感能量、民族认同的集体符号、平等互惠的道德规范等方面,发挥情感在民族交往交流交融中的纽带作用。

As a large inter-village interactive activity shared by many ethnic groups in the border area of Guizhou and Guangxi in the Duliujiang River basin,“Chixiangsi”has effectively promoted regional ethnic exchanges and social interaction.In the process of this folk custom,participants gathered briefly through specific rituals such as“greeting guests at the door”,“interaction through a reed-pipe wind instrument called Lusheng”,“drinking and dining together”and“exchanging gifts”.They integrated into the ceremony with equality,mutual trust,enthusiasm and excitement,gained positive emotional energy,shaped the cultural symbol of Lusheng,generated the moral standard of reciprocity and symbiosis,and realized group unity in the collective jubilation.In the interaction and exchange of different ethnic groups,we should pay attention to the interactive environment of ethnic interaction,the emotional energy of the interaction body,the collective symbol of national identity,and the moral codes of equality and reciprocity,so as to give play to the role of emotion as a bond in ethnic interaction,exchange and integration.