乡村空间的有效衔接——民族地区脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接的路径

A Study of the Effective Connection between Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization in Ethnic Minority Minority Areas from the Perspective of Rural Space

村落作为乡村振兴的基本空间单元,直接关系着脱贫攻坚的巩固和拓展。随着城镇化的快速推进,民族地区出现了村落萎缩、组织体系崩溃、价值体系扭曲、内生动力与脱贫稳定性不足等问题。脱贫攻坚具有的乡村空间内涵以及与乡村空间的潜在关系问题日益凸显。基于空间研究视角解构乡村振兴战略下民族地区脱贫攻坚面临的问题,有利于改善和提升脱贫攻坚效能。以提升内生动力为中心和多层协同自主治理是新时期脱贫攻坚与乡村空间关系优化的基本路径。乡村振兴的实现应基于乡村空间整体的综合考虑与整合推进,建立包括家庭、学校、社区内公共机构等参与的乡村振兴学习共同体,促进乡村空间多功能协同转型,显示出脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接路径之全新的空间维度。

As the basic spatial unit of rural revitalization,rural villages appear to play a significant role in consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation.However,with the rapid advancement of urbanization in China,ethnic areas arguably face a lot of problems such as shrinking villages,the imperfection of organizational systems,the lack of endogenous vitality and the varying degrees of success of poverty eradication.These problems weaken the capability of rural village construction and affect the comprehensive revitalization of villages.Existing studies on rural revitalization and relative poverty governance have undergone a linear process:traditional poverty(income poverty),multidimensional poverty(comprehensive poverty),and spatial poverty.From the perspective of rural space,space is regarded as a three-dimensional environment related to production methods,lifestyles,abilities,and habits;it also possesses ecological,economic,and other multi-dimensional functions as well as diachronic and synchronic characteristics.This study shows that in the new era the work of poverty eradication in China progresses sustainably,offering a favorable background for this present study attempting to make a deeper exploration of poverty.On the one hand,the investigation departs from the structure-oriented poverty research model and its focus on material space and adopts a structure-oriented model by focusing instead on the spiritual space of the poor.On the other hand,findings show that rural space improves the efficiency of anti-poverty work and can be used in this paper as an analytical perspective in observing and evaluating governance methods.At present,poverty shows up with a series of new characteristics such as its causes becoming complex,its spatial distribution heterogeneous,and its increasing dependence on space.Rural space turns out to be a prominent angle and of great potential in poverty alleviation studies.Therefore,this journal article probes into the internal interrelationship between the spatial distribution of the poverty alleviation achievements,the rural environment,and human activities.It aims to improve the people’s understanding and discussion of poverty and inequality.The study points out that the basic path to strengthening the connection between poverty eradication and rural space in the new era is to enhance the autonomous multi-layer collaborative governance with endogenous power at its center.Based on the strategic significance of rural revitalization for building a comprehensively prosperous society and the relative poverty governance theory from a spatial perspective,this writing seeks to explore the construction of a village-oriented revitalization governance model and to formulate practical and feasible alleviation policies for impoverished rural households that both the government and the people expect.It also provides a reference for the issuing of regulations on poverty alleviation in China.Besides,it discusses cutting-edge issues such as the holistic function of space furthering the comprehensive development and the transformation of values in ethnic areas.Therefore,it exhibits a new spatial dimension in which poverty alleviation and rural revitalization are effectively interrelated.