哈哈纳碑满语地名考释

Interpretation of Manchu Names from Hahana Tablet

哈哈纳碑文所载niowanggiyaha、wahūmu、cilin、jafiyan、akfu等词语不见于古今满语文辞书,仅通过《满文原档》等满文文献资料的语言分析,方才解释其音义来源。第一,niowanggiyaha是niowanggiyan与ha相结合而成的复合名词,其中niowanggiyan为形容词,语义为“绿”或“绿,青”,ha为汉语“河”的音译形式。第二,wahūmu是wahūn与omo的复合形式,其中wahūn为形容词,语义为“臭”,omo为名词,语义为“池,泽,沼,湖”。第三,cilin是汉语“铁岭”的满语音译形式,而jaifiyan的汉语形式为“界藩”。第四,akfu是非地名,是满语名词anafu“戍守”的讹化形式,anafu“戍守”又作anfu“戍守”或an1fu“戍守”。

The words niowanggiyaha,wahūmu,cilin,jafiyan,and akfu contained in the Hahana inscription are not found in ancient and modern Manchu dictionaries,and their phonetic origin is explained only through linguistic analysis of Manchu documents such as the Manchu Archives.First,niowanggiya is a compound noun combining niowanggiyan and ha,where niowanggiyan is an adjective,and the semantics are“green”or“teal”,ha is a transliteration of the Chinese“river”.Second,wahūmu is a compound form of wahūn and omo,where wahūn is an adjective with semantics as"smelly”and omo as a noun with semantics as“pond”,“chak”,“swamp”and“lake”.Third,cilin is a Manchu transliteration of the Chinese word“tieling”,while jaifiyan’s Chinese form is“jiefan”.Fourth,akfu is a non-place name,a false form of the Manchu noun anafu“guarding”,which is also known as anfu“guarding”or an~1fu“guarding”.