对中国现代美学悲剧观念的理论反思

不同于古希腊开启的西方悲剧传统,中国艺术更倾向于从“偶然性”视角安排悲剧结构。“偶然性”既表现为对意外、误会等因素在情节推进过程中作用的倚赖,也表现为对角色个体心性品格意义上的善、恶之最终影响的强调。这样的艺术表现传统,塑造了以痛惜为核心的中国式悲剧欣赏经验。近现代中国美学在建设和发展过程中,受西方悲剧美学传统影响,过于推重“命运”“必然性冲突”等元素在悲剧文化体系中的地位,由此对有关中国传统悲剧艺术的研究及当下的艺术创作实践都产生了某些误导作用,对此应加以关注并进行理论上的讨论。

Unlike the western tragedy tradition rooted in ancient Greek culture,Chinese art tends to arrange the structure of its tragedies from the perspective of"chance"."Chance"not only represents the reliance on the role of accidents,misunderstandings and other factors in the progress of the plot,but also stresses the ultimate influence of good and evil on a character’s individual character.Such a tradition of artistic expression has shaped the experience of the appreciation of Chinese-style tragedies with regret as its core.In the process of the creation and development of modern Chinese aesthetics,due to the influence of the western tragic aesthetic tradition,it has put too much emphasis on the importance of elements such as"destiny"and"inevitable conflict"while interpreting the Chinese tragic cultural system,which has had some misleading effects on the study of Chinese traditional tragic art and the current practice of artistic creation,thus need to be pointed out and discussed theoretically.