瓦斯煤尘爆炸主动隔爆启动条件及隔爆效果试验研究

Experimental study on starting condition and effect of active explosion proof for gas and coal dust explosion

在我国煤矿井下,普遍应用的爆炸控制装备主要是隔爆水槽、隔爆水袋等被动式隔爆装置,但由于装置本身的适用性及结构特点,已难以适应目前煤矿智能化、无人化的发展。主动式隔抑爆技术,因其能够实现主动式控爆,已在我国煤矿低体积分数瓦斯抽放管路、排空管路以及利用端等进行了大规模应用,取得了良好的效果,但在煤矿井下因缺乏相应的技术规范支撑,尚未进行广泛推广应用。为加快推进煤矿爆炸控制装备智能化发展,运用大型巷道试验系统,在对瓦斯爆炸诱导沉积煤尘爆炸传播规律研究的基础上,基于新研发的高能主动隔爆装置,开展了瓦斯煤尘爆炸主动隔爆效果试验研究。得出了瓦斯煤尘爆炸传播过程中爆炸压力、爆炸火焰等关键表征参数的变化规律;基于爆炸传播规律及主动隔爆装置自身性能特点,研究确定了高能主动隔爆装置的安装位置关系、启动阈值等关键技术参数;对100 m^(3)瓦斯爆炸诱导沉积煤尘(铺设位置14~70 m、煤尘质量浓度150 g/m^(3))爆炸的隔爆效果进行了效果验证试验。结果表明,所研发的高能主动隔爆装置,性能稳定、可靠,能够对煤矿井下一定条件下的瓦斯爆炸诱导沉积煤尘爆炸事故进行有效隔爆,为煤矿井下瓦斯煤尘爆炸事故的智能化控制提供了重要的理论及技术支撑。

In the China’s coal mines,the commonly used explosion control equipment is mainly passive isolation devices such as isolation tanks and isolation water bags.However,due to the applicability and structural characteristics of the device,it is difficult to adapt to the development of intelligent and unmanned coal mines.The active explosion isolation and suppression technology has been widely used in the low concentration gas drainage pipelines,exhaust pipelines,and utilization terminals of coal mines in China due to its ability to realize active explosion control.Good results have been achieved,but it has not been widely applied in the coal mines due to the lack of corresponding technical specifications.In order to speed up the intelligent development of coal mine explosion control equipment,using a large roadway test system,on the basis of the research on the propagation law of gas-induced sedimentary coal dust explosion,based on the newly developed high energy active isolation device,the active isolation effect of gas and coal dust explosion was studied.Through the research,the change laws of key characterization parameters such as explosion pressure and explosion flame in the process of gas and coal dust explosion propagation were obtained.Based on the explosion propagation law and the performance characteristics of the active isolation device,the key technical parameters such as the installation position and the triggering threshold of the active isolation device were determined.The isolation effect of 100 m^(3)gas-induced sedimentary coal dust(laying position 14-70 m,coal dust concentration 150 g/m^(3))explosion was verified.The results show that the developed high energy active isolation device is stable and reliable,which can effectively isolate the gas-induced sedimentary coal dust explosion under certain conditions in coal mines.The study provides important theoretical and technical supports for the intelligent control of gas and coal dust explosion accidents in underground coal mines.