新疆大倾角多煤组煤矿区煤层气开发利用进展与前景

Progress and prospects of coalbed methane development and utilization in coal mining areas with large dip angle and multiple coal groups in Xinjiang

煤层气是非常规天然气的重要组成部分,新疆作为我国十四个特大型煤炭产业基地之一,煤层气资源储量丰富,约占全国煤层气资源总量的26%。为分析归纳新疆特殊的大倾角多煤组煤矿区煤层气资源特征,总结了“十三五”以来,新疆煤矿区煤层气开发利用在理论、技术及装备方面取得的突破性研究进展,并对未来新疆煤矿区煤层气开发利用潜力和应用前景作出长远的展望。结果表明:新疆煤矿区资源具有“倾角大、煤层多、煤阶低、含气高”的特征。取得的突破性研究进展主要包括:提出了基于“三孔四区五量”的大倾角多煤组煤矿区时空协同煤与煤层气协调开发模式;阐明了大倾角采动地面井变形模式及高危位置确定方法,提出了“避、抗、让、疏、护”五字理念的地面井设计技术;研发了大倾角碎软煤层下向递进式抽采钻孔成套技术与装备;构建了新疆高寒地区煤层气利用蓄热氧化供暖技术;上述研究成果在现场试验中成功应用,提升了新疆煤矿区煤层气开发利用的整体水平。然而,规模化的煤层气开发利用产业尚未大面积形成。因此,亟需总结推广典型的大倾角多煤组煤矿区三区联动煤层气开发模式;加强多煤组煤矿区的地面井均匀超前预抽;研发井下煤层气高效抽采技术及装备;基于非对称采动卸压作用实现靶向精准抽采煤层气;拓展适用于高寒地区的全浓度范围煤层气利用技术;重点加快推进国家级“新疆准噶尔盆地南缘煤层气产业化基地”建设,实现新疆丰富煤层气资源的规模有效开发利用。

Coalbed methane(CBM)is an important component of unconventional natural gas,and Xinjiang is one of the 14 mega coal industry bases in China,with abundant CBM resources,accounting for about 26%of the total CBM resources in China.This research aims to analyze and summarize the characteristics of coalbed methane resources in Xinjiang’s coal mining areas with large dip angles and multiple coal groups.To summarize the breakthrough research progress in the theory and technology of coalbed methane development and utilization in Xinjiang’s coal mining areas since the 13th Five-Year Plan and to make a long-term outlook on the potential of coalbed methane development and utilization in Xinjiang’s coal mining areas.The results show that the resource characteristics of the Xinjiang coal mine area are“large dip angle,multiple coal seams,low coal rank,and high gas content”.The breakthrough research progresses by proposing a coordinated development model of coal and CBM based on“three types of holes,four zones,and five kinds of coal”for coal mining areas with a large inclination and multiple coal groups;elucidating the deformation pattern and high-risk locations of surface wells with large inclination mining,and proposing the five-word concept of“avoid,resist,let,protect,sparse”surface wells design technology.The above-mentioned research progress has been successfully applied in situ field,which has improved the overall level of coalbed methane development and utilization in coal mining areas of Xinjiang.However,a large-scale coalbed methane utilization industry has not yet been formed on a large scale.Therefore,there is an urgent need to summarize and promote the typical three-zone coalbed methane development model in coal mining areas with large inclination angles and multiple coal groups;strengthen the uniform pre-pumping of surface wells in coal mining areas with multiple coal groups;develop efficient underground coalbed methane drainage technology and equipment;realize targeted and precise coalbed methane drainage based on asymmetric extraction and pressure relief;expand the coalbed methane utilization technology in the total concentration range applicable in an extremely cold climate.Accelerate the operation of the national CBM industrialization base at the southern edge of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang and realize the effective development and utilization of the abundant coal-bed methane resources in Xinjiang.