新型缓冲吸能装置手性结构吸能特性对比分析

Comparison and analysis of energy absorption characteristics of chiral structure in novel energy buffering absorption device

为改善采掘扰动及冲击地压对超前液压支架的冲击破坏作用,有效提升支护设备服役寿命,设计了一种新型缓冲吸能装置,作为一种独立设计的模块化单元,该种吸能装置通过螺栓安装在超前液压支架顶梁上端面,能够有效缓冲来压峰值,为液压支架安全阀的开启提供充足缓冲时间,极大程度地减少了液压支架立柱弯曲、断裂甚至爆缸现象的发生。文中重点对核心吸能体的结构参数及材质属性开展了相关研究,对比分析了6种不同材质手性蜂窝结构的变形响应特性、缓冲特性及吸能特性,结果表明:①相同冲击载荷工况下,橡胶材质三韧带结构压缩变形量最大,为172.1 mm,而尼龙材质六韧带结构压缩变形量最小,为5.83 mm;②经尼龙材质六韧带结构缓冲后的来压峰值最大,为2148 kN,缓冲时间为20 ms,而经橡胶材质六韧带结构缓冲后的来压峰值最小,为147 kN,缓冲时间为209 ms,远大于液压支架安全阀60 ms的动态响应时间,满足安全阀正常开启的基本要求;③橡胶材质和尼龙材质的吸能峰值近似,均为10^(4)J,相比其他工况而言,橡胶材质六韧带手性结构的吸能区间呈现为平缓的山峰状,有效吸能区间范围更大,吸能效果更佳,吸能缓冲时间更长。综合评估可知,橡胶材质六韧带手性结构具有较好的缓冲吸能效果,且结构变形较小,满足预期指标及煤矿现场的具体工况需求。

In this paper,a novel energy buffering absorption device is designed to reduce the impact damage of advance hydraulic support caused by mining disturbance and rock burst,and to improve the service life of the support equipment.As an independently designed modular unit,this new type of energy buffering absorption device is installed on the upper of the top beam of the advanced hydraulic support by bolts,which can effectively buffer the peak incoming pressure,provide sufficient buffer time for the opening of the hydraulic support safety valve,and greatly reduce the occurrence of bending,fracture and even cylinder explosion of the hydraulic support column.Focusing on the structural parameters and material properties of the core energy absorber,the deformation response characteristics,cushioning characteristics and energy absorption characteristics of six chiral honeycomb structures with different materials are compared and analyzed.The results show:①Under the same impact load condition,the compression deformation of rubber Tri-chiral structure is the largest(172.1 mm),while that of nylon Hexa-chiral structure is the smallest(5.83 mm);②The peak value of the incoming pressure buffered by the nylon Hexa-chiral structure is the largest(2148 kN),and the buffering time is 20 ms,while the peak value of the incoming pressure buffered by the rubber Hexa-chiral structure is the smallest(147 kN),and the buffering time is 209 ms,which is much longer than the dynamic response time of the safety valve of 60 ms,meeting the basic requirements of the normal opening of the safety valve.③The peak energy absorption of rubber and nylon is approximately the same,both of which are 1×10^(4)J.Compared with other working conditions,the energy absorption interval of the rubber Hexa-chiral structure is a gentle peak shape,and the effective energy absorption interval is larger,the energy absorption effect is better,and the energy absorption buffer time is longer.The comprehensive evaluation shows that the rubber Hexa-chiral structure has a good buffer and energy absorption effect and a small degree of structural deformation,which meets the expected indicators and specific working conditions.