风化岩充水型煤矿水文地质勘查及水害危险性评价

Hydrogeological exploration and water hazard assessment of weathered rock water-filled coal mine

风化岩裂隙发育,易向煤系中导水,给煤矿造成水害,以榆神矿区锦界煤矿为例,该矿井投产后,采煤工作面涌水量大幅超过预计,严重威胁矿井的安全生产。综合分析井上、下钻孔揭露地层岩性和测井资料后,初步确定直罗组风化岩水是工作面充水水源。水文地质勘查采取钻探及抽水试验为主,水文地质调查、测绘、遥感、电法、测井、采样测试等手段为辅的综合勘查手段,查明井田直罗组风化基岩裂隙含水层和萨拉乌素组沙层含水层为构成主要可采煤层的直接和间接充水含水层,第四系离石组黄土与新近系三趾马红土组成井田主要隔水层,土层局部存在“天窗”区。水文地质勘查准确划分了井田水文地质单元;对含隔水层的分布、厚度及组合结构进行了详细分析;通过抽水试验求取沙层含水层和风化岩含水层水文地质参数。结果表明,3^(-1)煤层采后产生的最大导水裂隙带高度为45.6 m,计算结果与探测工程获得数据基本相一致。依据正常基岩厚度、导水裂隙带最大高度(导水裂隙带高度+3倍采高)56 m、含水层富水性指数;参考“三图双预测”方法,将井田顶板含水层水害危险性划分为低危险区、中等危险区和高危险区,并提出了针对性防治水措施,为矿井防治水工作提供可靠依据。

After the jinjie coal mine was put into operation,the water inflow of the coal face greatly exceeded the expectation,which seriously threatened the safety of the mine.After a comprehensive analysis of the formation lithology and well logging data,it is preliminarily determined that the weathered rock water in zhiluo formation is the water filling source of the working face.Hydrogeological exploration drilling and pumping test is given priority to,hydrogeology survey,surveying and mapping,remote sensing,electrical method,well logging and sampling test method as the auxiliary means of integrated exploration,find out mine straight ROM weathered bedrock fissure aquifer and Sarah WuSu group sand bed aquifer to constitute the main minable seam of direct and indirect water filling aquifers,quaternary lishi set of loess and neogene hipparion clay mine main water-resisting layer and soil layer localized“skylight”area.The hydrogeological units of well field are accurately divided in hydrogeological exploration.The distribution,thickness and composite structure of water-resistant layer are analyzed in detail.The hydrogeological parameters of sand aquifer and weathered rock aquifer are obtained by pumping test.Some special maps such as contour map are made.According to the calculation,the maximum height of water-conducting fracture zone after mining in the 3-1 coal seam is 45.6 m,and the theoretical calculation results are basically consistent with the data obtained from the exploration project.According to the normal thickness of bedrock water transmitting fissure zone(H_(z)),maximum height(lead water crack with high mining height are broken+3 times)56 m,aquifer water index,refer to the“three figure double prediction”principle,the mine roof aquifer water disasters risk is divided into low danger zone,medium and high danger zone,and puts forward the corresponding prevention and cure water measures,provide a reliable basis for mine water prevention and control work.