焦炉装煤冒烟原因分析及治理技术研究

Study on cause analysis and control technology of coke oven coal smoking

内蒙古恒坤化工有限公司建设两座炭化室全高5.5 m宽520 mm的ZHJL5552D型双联火道、废气循环、下喷、单热式、侧装捣固焦炉,炉组规模2×65孔,装煤方式采用高压氨水无烟装煤技术。捣固侧装焦炉在装煤过程中,煤饼遇焦炉高温产生大量荒煤气,基于在现有无烟装煤技术无机侧地面除尘系统,荒煤气无法全部回收利用,造成从炉口位置逸散的现象,对化产品回收率造成了一定影响,同时加重了环境污染,危害职工身体健康。为遏制装煤冒烟现象,加强装煤冒烟治理工作,提出以控制装煤冒烟为中心,观察现状、总结经验为指引,研究装煤时桥管吸力的内在影响因素,以及操作、设备、入炉煤等客观影响因素,采用"多变量分析"原理,逐一进行总结试验,坚持"内调外治"的整体治理思路,根据炭化室底部压力确定合理的集气管压力,严格执行大循环出焦制度,稳定焦炉生产负荷,确保煤气发生量稳定,同时透过装煤冒烟时段分析本质原因,从捣固操作、装煤操作等多方面影响因素进行实践论证。研究结果表明:桥管吸力和执行器开度均衡关系是影响装煤冒烟的主要原因;受入炉煤挥发分、装煤操作的差异和煤饼宽度的影响,也会导致焦炉装煤荒煤气无组织排放现象。通过提高桥管吸力、均衡执行器开度的方法,探索出合理的装煤冒烟治理措施及工艺指标参数设定,在无机侧地面除尘系统的情况下,有效回收所有装煤时产生的荒煤气,遏制了装煤冒烟现象,提高了化产品回收率,减少了捣固焦炉装煤时对环境造成的污染。

Inner Mongolia Hengkun chemical Co.,Ltd.constructed two carbonization chambers,ZHJL5552 D double fire path with full height of 5.5 m and width of 520 mm,exhaust gas circulation,down injection,single heat type,side ramming coke oven,furnace size of2×65 holes,high pressure ammonia water smokeless coal loading technology.Tamping side of coke oven in the process of coal,coal cake in coke oven high temperature produces a large amount of waste gas,based on existing smokeless coal technology in inorganic side ground dust removal system,waste gas couldn’t recycling,all from the front position of dissipation phenomenon,had a certain influence on the product recovery rate,at the same time increase the pollution of the environment,worker health hazard.To curb the coal smoke phenomenon,strengthen the coal smoke management work,is put forward to control the coal smoke as the center,to observe the status quo,summing up experience as the guide,study of coal bridge suction tube inner factors,as well as the operation,the equipment,boiling coal and other objective factors,using the multivariate analysis principle,one by one,summarizes test,adhere to the"outside"inside the whole management thinking,according to the bottom of the chamber pressure to determine the reasonable gas collector pressure,strictly implement the system of general circulation and coke,stability of coke oven production load,ensure the stable gas generates,at the same time,through the analysis of coal smoke time essential reason,From tamping operation,loading coal operation and other factors affecting the practical demonstration.The results show that the relationship between the suction of the bridge pipe and the equalization of the actuator opening is the main reason that affects the smoke from coal loading.Under the influence of volatilization of coal in furnace,different operation of coal loading and coal cake width,unorganized discharge of coal waste gas in coke oven will also be caused.By improving the bridge,balancing actuator tube suction opening method,explore reasonable coal smoke control measures and process parameter setting,in the case of inorganic lateral ground dust removal system,effective recycle all produced in waste gas of coal,to curb the phenomenon of coal smoke and improves the product recovery rate,reduced the tamping coke oven coal pollution to the environment.