遗产人类学视域中的非物质文化

The Intangible Culture in the Perspective of Anthropology of Heritage

非物质文化被认定为遗产是现代性社会作用于文化的一种机制,遗产生产则是这种机制的具体表现。非物质文化可以成为遗产生产的客体,将现有的文化形态从传统社会融入至现代性社会的发展过程中。在遗产生产的过程中,非物质文化原有的生产与休闲功能也因现代性社会的影响而改变着地方性社会的关系与结构。非物质文化可以成为遗产休闲的对象,在此过程中它也可以成为地方性社会与外部社会沟通与交往的媒介。遗产人类学视域中的非物质文化是关于人的文化,只有使其再次回归至生产与休闲的本质,再次嵌入人们的日常生活中,才有可能彰显对其的保护与传承。

The intangible culture recognized as heritage is a mechanism that the society of modernity effects on culture,and the production of heritage is the specific expression of this mechanism.The intangible culture could become the object of the production of heritage and then integrates the existing cultural pattern of traditional society into the developing process of the society of modernity.In the process of the production of heritage,the original function of production and leisure of the intangible culture changes the relationship and the structure of local community because of the influences of the society of modernity.The intangible culture may turn into the object of heritage leisure,and in this process,it becomes a medium of communication between local community and the outside world.In the perspective of anthropology of heritage,intangible culture is the culture of human beings.Only when the intangible culture returns to the nature of production and leisure,and was re-embedded in people\s daily life,can we make it possible to protect and inherit it.