以晋方言证解古今文献相对应的词

Prove and Illustrate the Corresponding Words in Ancient and Modern Literatures with the Jin Dialect

本文选取“圐圙、得脑、阁落、小厮、不差什么”五个晋方言常用词,分别与古今文献中相对应的词进行证解、诠释,从语音、词源上考证出其本字,揭示其特殊用法。前三个方言词“圐圙、得脑、阁落”是晋方言中使用频率颇高的分音词记音形式,其本字分别是:圈、首、角。特别指出“圐圙、得脑”二词非借用词,而是晋方言分音词。“阁落”一词虽在晋方言及北方官话中大面积存在,但尚未见到从语音角度对该词本字的稽考。从“厮”在晋方言中完整的语音演变链条看,其本字当是“孩”,特指男孩。晋方言作副词时的“不差什么”在古文献中的断句和释义上多有舛误。此外,上述五个词在现行词典中有的词条漏收,有的义项未收,有的释义欠妥或有误。

The five dialect words“圐圙、得脑、阁落、小厮、不差什么”selected in the dialect of Jin have been proved and illustrated with the corresponding words in ancient books,as well as revealed what they are and the rules of evolution from the angel of ancient pronunciation and their orientation in this article.The former three embody the way of consisting words for sound-divided words and ones em bedded with“L"which are unique and dynamic in dialect of Shanxi province,and result from“圈、首、角”.Especially pointed out that the words“圐圙、得脑”are not foreign words.Al-though the word“阁落”exists in Jin dialect and northern mandarin,but we haven't seen the phonetic examination of the word itself.From the pronunciation and phonetic evolution of“厮”in Jin dialect,the word is“孩”,especially“boy”.“不差什么”as an ad-verb,errors abound in broken sentences and interpretations in ancient books.In addi-tion,the above five words in the“Modern Chinese dictionary"and“The Great Chinese Library”some entries omitted,some definitions are improper or even wrong.