中国古代耕织图中的景观描绘与观念表达

Landscape Description and Concept Expression in Pictures of Weaving and Tilling Ancient China

作为一种以“耕”“织”为描绘主题的绘画图像,中国古代耕织图绝不仅仅是对耕织环节的具体描绘,而且是在具体的景观与场景描绘背后隐含着丰富的象征性意义。水稻,是产出丰富、民食保障的象征与表达;蚕桑与丝织,是国计民生、衣被天下的符号与象征;男耕女织、群体劳作与家庭院落及相关伦理场景的描绘,则体现出对和谐富足、平安稳定之理想社会秩序的宣扬与追求。而耕织图之所以能承载如此丰富多彩的意涵,与其作为传统中国重农、劝农传统的产物与形式表现直接相关。其背后的根本支撑,则是古代中国“农为天下之大本”的核心理念。

As a painting depicting the theme of cultivation and weaving,the pic-tures of tilling and weaving is by no means a specific depiction of the tilling and w ea-ving link,but also contains rich symbols behind the specific landscape and scene de-scriptions.Rice is a symbol and expression of abundant output and food security;seri-culture and silk weaving are symbols of national economy,people's livelihood and clothing;the depiction of male tilling and female weaving,group work,home garden-ing and related ethical scenes reflects promote and pursue the ideal social order of har-mony,prosperity,peace and stability.The reason why the tilling and weaving pictures can carry such a rich and colorful meaning is directly related to its formal expression as the product and form of the traditional Chinese tradition of focusing on agriculture and persuading agriculture.The fundamental support behind it is the core idea of ancient China that farming is the foundation of the world.