汉语史前语言关系的最新探索——读何九盈先生《重建华夷语系的理论和证据》

The Latest Exploration of the Prehistoric Language Relations of Chinese:On Theory and Evidence for the Reconstruction of Huayi Language Family by Mr.He Jiuying

《重建华夷语系的理论和证据》通过口传历史、考古学、语言学结合的“三重证据法”,考证华夷语系的历史主人。得出的四个语族的格局,与李方桂的汉藏语系的格局基本一致:苗蛮语族——苗瑶语族;百越语族——侗台语族;华夏语族——汉语;姜戎语族——藏缅语族。但是两个语系又有本质的不同:第一,范围不同,华夷语系中还曾经存在过东夷语族、北狄语族,可惜它们在后来或者分裂,或者消失。第二,依据不同,华夷语系采用“三重证据法”,汉藏语系假说是基于现代语言面貌而构拟的原始语。第三,时地不同,华夷语系存在于五帝时代的黄河流域,而汉藏语系则无法确定时地。

Theory and Evidence for the Reconstruction of Huayi Language Fam-ily uses the triple evidence method of oral history,archaeology,and linguistics to veri-fy the historical local people of Huayi language family.The pattern of the four lan-guage branches obtained is basically the same as that of Li Fanggui's Sino-Tibetan language family:Miaoman language branch-Miao Yao language branch;Baiyue lan-guage branch-Dongtai language branch;Huaxia language branch-Chinese;Jiang Rong language branch-Tibetan-Bur man language branch.However,the two language families are fundamentally different:First,the scope is different.The Dongyi and Beidi.branches once existed in the Huayi language family,but unfortunately,they either split or disappeared later.Second,based on different material,the Huayi language family adopts the triple evidence method,and the Sino-Tibetan language family hy-pothesis is a primitive language constructed based on the appearance of modern lan-guages.Third,the time and place are different.The Huayi language family existed in the Yellow River valley during the Five Emperors era,while the Sino-Tibetan lan-guage family cannot determine the time and place.