段玉裁、王氏父子《尚书》训诂品质异同论

Similarities and Differences between Duan Yucai's and Wangs'Exegesis of Shangshu(《尚书》)

段玉裁和王念孙、王引之父子是清代乾嘉时期训诂学巨擘。段玉裁、王念孙同出戴震门下,学术主张亦多投合,故学界习惯于将段玉裁和王氏父子的学术合称为“段王之学”。“段王之学”这一概念本身侧重于段、王学术的共性,因而学界围绕“段王之学”展开的研究多指向段氏和王氏的学术共性,对二者差异性则关注较少。事实上,段、王学术亦存在比较显著的差异性。本文以段、王《尚书》训诂为例,在论述段、王《尚书》训诂品质共性的同时,着重对其差异性进行探讨,在此基础上简要分析段、王《尚书》训诂的历史影响和贡献。对段、王训诂学品质异同的研究有助于深化对“段王之学”本质的理解,对于传统训诂学研究以及中国语言学史研究都具有十分重要的意义。

Duan Yucai,Wang Niansun and Wang Yinzhi were great exegesis schol-ars in Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty.Duan Yucai and Wang Niansun both studied under Dai Zhen,and their academic ideas were mostly in agreement with each other.Therefore,there academic has been called as“Duan-Wang Zhi Xue”.The concept of“Duan-Wang Zhi Xue”focuses on the academic commonness of Duan and Wang.Therefore,the academic research on“Duan-Wang Zhi Xue”mostly points to the aca-demic commonness of Duan and W ang,but pays less attention to their differences.As a matter of fact,there are also significant differences between Duan and Wang.This paper not only discusses the commonness of their exegesis of Shangshu,but also focuses on their differences,and then briefly analyzes their historical influence and contribution.The study on similarities and differences between Duan s and the Wangs'Exegetics will help deepen the understanding of the essence of“Duan-Wang Zhi Xue”,which is of great significance to the study of traditional exegetics and the history of Chinese linguistics.