“同文之治”语境下《康熙字典》的编纂特征

Features of the Compilation of Kangxi Dictionaryin the Context of“governance of the same language”

《清文鉴》与《康熙字典》有先后顺序,分别代表清文与汉字的典范,为两种文字对译提供了标准,也诠释了"同文之治"在清代的具体内涵。康熙特别重视声音之学,对《佩文韵府》的关注超过《康熙字典》;命名"字典"确立了对汉文字的话语权和控制权。从书籍史角度,辨析《康熙字典》与其他御定书籍的关联,了解御定书籍编纂的诸多环节,有助于探讨《康熙字典》的实际地位及在后世的流通情况。

The Qingwenjian and Kangxi Dictionary have their own sequence,which respectively represent examples of Qing Dynasty and Chinese characters,providing a standard for the translation of the two languages,and also interpreting the specific connotation of"governance of the same language"in the Qing Dynasty.Kangxi paid special attention to the study of sound,and paid more attention to Peiwen Yunfuthan Kangxi Dictionary.The naming of"dictionary"establishes the right of speech and control over Chinese characters.From the perspective of book history,it is helpful to analyze the relationship between Kangxi Dictionary and other imperial books,and to understand the many links in compiling imperial books,so as to discuss the actual status of Kangxi Dictionary and its circulation in later generations.