乾嘉之学的理论发明(二)——段玉裁《说文解字注》理必论证与用语札记

The Theoretical Creativity of Qian-Jia Academics:Rational Arguments and Logical Terminologies in Duan Yucai’s Commentary on Shuowen Jiezi

本文是有关阅读段氏《说文解字注》中的理必思想及其训诂学实践的一组札记。理必思想是我们提出的乾嘉皖派学者发明和创造的划时代学术思想和方法冯胜利《乾嘉"理必"与语言研究的科学属性》,《中文学术前沿》第九辑,2015年。。"理必"就是用推演论证得出逻辑之必然。凡用逻辑推演之理必方法治学者,均为"理必之学";凡研究"理必之学"中"理必之法"者,均为"理必研究"。本札记即试图通过"理必研究"挖掘段注的"理必论证"(简称"理必注论")以及其中用语所含之理必思想,从而为实现我们近年倡导的乾嘉"学尚理必"的学术理路和章黄"学贵发明"的学术思想的目标,而不懈努力。

Based on my reading notes on Duan Yucai’s exegetic arguments in Commentaries on Shuowen Jiezi(i.e.,CSJ,for short),this paper explores Duan’s rational ideas and logical argumentations in terms of logical certainty.Logical Certainty was a paradigmatic theory developed by Qian-Jia scholars and it was not recognized until recently(Feng 2015).It is shown that there were carefully used logical terminologies and well-organized rational argumentations in Duan’s CSJ,which provide evidence for the arguments of Logic-Oriented Qian-Jia academics and Creativity-Oriented ZhangHuang Paradigm in Chinese intellectual history.