MicroRNAs在膀胱癌中的研究进展

Research progress of miRNA in bladder cancer

膀胱癌作为泌尿系统中最常见的高侵袭性肿瘤之一,由于缺乏准确的生物标志物,导致其发病率和复发率都很高。MicroRNA(miRNA)一种非编码的微小RNA,可调节人类基因表达,参与细胞生长周期、发育增殖、凋亡和分化等。近年来越来越多的研究发现miRNA在膀胱癌的发生发展中出现异常表达的情况,同时靶向调节特定的基因或蛋白,很可能成为膀胱癌诊治的潜在生物标志物。很多研究发现不同种类的miRNA参与肿瘤的发生更像是网络系统,相互之间存在着各种联系,本文根据几种miRNA分别通过调控多种基因参与膀胱癌的机制及其作用进行阐述。

Bladder cancer is one of the most common and highly invasive tumors in the urinaiy system,with high incidence and recurrence rates due to the lack of accurate biomarkers.MicroRNA(miRNA)is a non-coding small RNA that regulates human gene expression and participates in cell growth cycle,development,proliferation,apoptosis,and differentiation.In recent years,more and more studies have shown that miRNA expression is abnormal in the occiarrence and development of bladder cancer,and targeting specific genes or proteins may become potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.Many studies have found that different t^es of miRNAs participate in tumor development more like a network system,with various connections between them.This article summarizes the mechanism of bladder cancer development through several miRNAs that regulate multiple genes and their roles in bladder cancer.